General information about Hallux rigidus
Hallux rigidus is a disorder that causes pain and stiffness in the region of the root of the first toe, i.e. the joint between the first metatarsal bone and the thumb phalanx. This condition leads to calcification of the joint in the area of the first metatarsophalangeal joint.
Hallux rigidus is most common in people with flat feet and those who have to walk on their tiptoes or work on their knees because of working conditions. In addition, people who suffer from rheumatoid arthritis and gout have a high risk of developing Hallux rigidus. In the initial stages of the disease, patients suffer from pain when standing and walking, and experience stiffness in their movements. The pain syndrome is most commonly seen in damp and cold weather. At first, patients manage to tolerate the pain, but over time, swelling and redness appear at the junction of the first metatarsal bone and phalanx. The bony protrusion that forms in this area prevents the toe from extending backward. Because of this, patients are unable to wear shoes for a long time. Therefore, some patients change their gait, and some of them may observe such a phenomenon as limping.
In the initial stage of the disease, conservative treatment is used. Conservative treatment includes: the use of ice, rest and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Also, the patient is advised to wear comfortable shoes and avoid movements that bring discomfort.
If conservative treatment is ineffective, then proceed to the methods of surgical treatment. Surgical treatment consists of the removal of bone protrusions (osteophytes) in the joint between the first metatarsal bone and the phalanx of the big toe.
Figure: Hallux rigidus, bone fragments to be excised and X-rays
